Milestones

Legacy tree data enables researchers to answer important questions using state-of-the-art analyses and statistical tools.

The following publications and presentations were delivered by project personnel from the US Forest Service and seven universities. As of November, 2019 project cooperators have collected new biomass measurements on over 3400 trees in United States' forests (see Table 1).

PUBLICATIONS (47):
  1. Affleck DLR, Gregoire TG. 2015. Generalized and synthetic regression estimators for randomized branch sampling: Small and combined sample properties. Forestry 88: 599-611.
  2. Affleck DLR, Diéguez-Aranda U. 2016. Additive nonlinear biomass equations: A likelihood-based approach. Forest Science 62: 129-140.
  3. Affleck, DLR. 2018. Aboveground biomass equations for the predominant conifer species of the Inland Northwest USA. Forest Ecology and Management 432: 179-188.
  4. Castle M, Weiskittel A, Wagner R, Ducey M, Frank J, Pelletier G. 2017. Variation in stem form and risk of four commercially important hardwood species in the Acadian Forest: Implications for potential sawlog volume and tree classification systems. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47: 1457-1467.
  5. Chen Q, McRoberts R, Wang C, Radtke P. 2016. Forest aboveground biomass mapping and estimation across multiple spatial scales using model-based inference. Remote Sensing of Environment 184:350-360.
  6. Clough BJ, Domke GM, MacFarlane DW, Radtke PJ, Russell MB, Weiskittel AR. 2018. Comparison of approaches for predicting total tree aboveground biomass and its components in the primary conifer and hardwood species of eastern United States. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research.
  7. Clough BJ, Domke GM, MacFarlane DW, Radtke PJ, Russell MB, Weiskittel AR. 2018. Testing a new component ratio method for predicting total tree aboveground and component biomass for widespread pine and hardwood species of eastern US. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, 91:575-588. doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpy016
  8. Clough, BJ, Russell, MB, Woodall, CW, Domke, GM Radtke, PJ. 2016. Hierarchical models for informing general biomass equations with felled tree data. pp. 114-118. In S.M. Stanton and G. Christensen (Eds.): Pushing Boundaries: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications; Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2015. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-931. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
  9. Dettman GT, MacFarlane DW. 2018. Trans-species predictors of tree leaf mass. Ecological Applications, 29(1), 2019, e01817. doi.org/10.1002/eap.1817
  10. Frank J, Castle M, Westfall J, Weiskittel A, MacFarlane DW, Baral S, Radtke P, Pelletier G. 2018. Variation in occurrence and extent of internal stem decay in standing trees across eastern US and Canada: Evaluation of alternative modeling approaches and influential factors. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research; 91, 382-399 doi:10.1093/forestry/cpx054
  11. Frank J, Weiskittel A, Walker D, Radtke P, Westfall J, MacFarlane D, Affleck DLR, Temesgen H. 2017. Development and evaluation of multi-species, cross-regional stem taper and bark thickness models for predicting merchantable volume across the United States. pp. 10-16 in: Healey SP, Berrett VM. (comps.): Doing more with the core: Proceedings of the 2017 Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Science Stakeholder Meeting. October 24-26, 2017. Park City, UT Proc. RMRS-P-75. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO.
  12. Frank J, Weiskittel A, Walker D, Westfall JA, Radtke PJ, Affleck DLR, Coulston J, MacFarlane DW. 2019. Gaps in available data for modeling tree biomass in the United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-184. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 57 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-GTR-184
  13. Gonzalez-Benecke C, Zhao D, Samuelson L, Martin T, Leduc D, Jack S. 2018. Local and General Above-Ground Biomass Functions for Pinus palustris Trees. Forests 9(6), 310.
  14. Lynch TB, Zhao D, Harges W, McTague JP. 2017. Deriving compatible taper functions from volume ratio equations based on upper-stem height. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47: 1424-1431.
  15. MacFarlane DW, 2011. Allometric scaling of branch volume in hardwood trees in Michigan, USA: implications for improvements in above-ground forest carbon biomass inventories. For. Sci. 57(6):451- 459.
  16. MacFarlane DW, Kane B. 2017. Neighbour effects on tree architecture: functional tradeoffs balancing crown competitiveness with wind resistance. Functional Ecology, 31(8), pp.1624-1636
  17. MacFarlane DW, Kuyah S, Mulia R, Dietz J, Muthuri C, Van Noordwijk M. 2014. Evaluating a non-destructive method for calibrating tree biomass equations derived from tree branching architecture. Trees, 28: 807-817.
  18. MacFarlane DW, Weiskittel AR. 2016. A new method for capturing stem taper variation for trees of diverse morphological types. Can. J. For. Res. 46: 804-815.
  19. MacFarlane DW. 2015. A generalized tree component biomass model derived from principles of variable allometry. Forest Ecology and Management, 354: 43-55.
  20. Poudel KP, Temesgen H, Gray AN. 2015. Evaluation of sampling strategies to estimate crown biomass. Forest Ecosystems. 2:1
  21. Poudel KP, Temesgen H, Gray AN. 2018. Estimating upper stem diameters and volume of Douglas-fir and western hemlock trees in the Pacific Northwest. Forest Ecosystems. 5(1): 16
  22. Poudel KP, Temesgen H, Radtke PJ, Gray AN. 2019. Estimating individual-tree aboveground biomass of tree species in the western USA. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 49(6): 701-714.
  23. Poudel KP, Temesgen H. 2016. Developing biomass equations for western hemlock and red alder trees in Western Oregon forests. (4): 88. Forests.
  24. Poudel KP, Temesgen H. 2016. Methods for estimating aboveground biomass and its components for Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine trees. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 46: 77-87.
  25. Poudel KP, Temesgen H. 2016. Calibration of volume and component biomass equations for Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine trees in Western Oregon forests. The Forestry Chronicle. 92(2): 172  182.
  26. Quiñonez-Barraza G, Zhao D, De los Santos-Posadas HM. 2019. Compatible taper and stem volume equations for five pine species in mixed-species forests in Mexico. Forest Science 65(5): 602-613.
  27. Radtke PJ, Walker DM, Frank J, Weiskittel AR, DeYoung CL, MacFarlane DW, Woodall CW, Coulston JW, Westfall JA. 2017. Improved accuracy of aboveground biomass and carbon estimates for live trees in forests of the eastern United States. Forestry 90:32-46.
  28. Schlecht, RM & DLR Affleck (2014) Branch aggregation and crown allometry control the precision of randomized branch sampling in excurrent conifer crowns. Can. J. For. Res. 44: 499-508.
  29. Shettles, M., H. Temesgen, A.N. Gray, and T. Hilker. 2015. Comparison of uncertainty in per unit area estimates of aboveground biomass for two selected model sets. Forest Ecology and Management. 354: 18-25.
  30. Shettles, M., T. Hilker, and H. Temesgen. 2016. Examination of uncertainty in per unit area estimates of above ground biomass using terrestrial lidar. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 46: 706-715.
  31. Temesgen, H., D. Affleck, K.P. Poudel, A. Gray, and J. Sessions. 2015. A review of the challenges and opportunities in estimating above ground forest biomass using tree-level models. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. 30(4): 326-335.
  32. Ver Planck NR, MacFarlane DW. 2014. Modelling vertical allocation of tree stem and branch volume for hardwoods. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, 87(3), pp.459-469
  33. Ver Planck NR, MacFarlane DW. 2019. Branch mass allocation increases wind throw risk for Fagus grandifolia, Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpz001
  34. Ver Planck NR, MacFarlane, DW. 2015. A vertically integrated whole-tree biomass model. Trees 29: 449-460.
  35. Wang X, Zhao D, Liu G, Yang C, Teskey RO. 2018. Additive tree biomass equations for Betula platyphylla Suk. plantations in Northeast China. Annals of Forest Science. 75, 60.
  36. Weiskittel AR, MacFarlane DW, Radtke PJ, Affleck DLR, Hailemariam T, Westfall JA, Woodall CW, Coulston, JW. 2015. A call to improve methods for estimating tree biomass for regional and national assessments. Journal of Forestry, 113(4):414-424.
  37. Weiskittel, A.R. Frank, J, and Castle, M. 2016. Evaluating the influence of stem form and vigor on product potential, growth, and mortality for northern commercial hardwood species. In: Cooperative Forest Research Unit (Annual Report 2015). Ed. Brian Roth (In Press)
  38. Weiskittel, A.R., Frank, J., Walker, D.M., Radtke, P.R., MacFarlane, D.W., and Westfall, J. 2016. Advancing individual tree biomass prediction: assessment and alternatives to the component ratio method. In S.M. Stanton and G. Christensen (Eds.): Pushing Boundaries: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications; Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2015. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-931. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
  39. Weiskittel, A.R., Frank, J., Walker, D.M., Radtke, P.R., MacFarlane, D.W., Westfall, J., Affleck, D., and Macfarlane, D. 2016. Gaps in sampling and limitations to tree biomass estimation: A review of past sampling efforts over the past 50 Years. In S.M. Stanton and G. Christensen (Eds.): Pushing Boundaries: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications; Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2015. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-931. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
  40. Westfall JA, McRoberts RE, Radtke PJ, Weiskittel AR. 2016. Effects of uncertainty in upper-stem diameter information on tree volume estimates. European Journal of Forest Research. 135: 937-947. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-016-0985-4
  41. Zhao D, Bullock BP, Montes CR, Wang M, Greene DW, Sutter L. 2019. Loblolly pine outperforms slash pine in the southeastern United States - A long-term experimental comparison study. Forest Ecology and Management 450: 117532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117532
  42. Zhao D, Kane M, Markewitz D, Teskey R. 2015. Ratio equations for loblolly pine trees. pp. 36-38 in SM Stanton and G Christensen (Eds.): Pushing Boundaries: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications; Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2015. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-931. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
  43. Zhao D, Kane M, Teskey R. Markewitz D. 2016. Modeling Aboveground Biomass Components and Volume-to-Weight Conversion Ratios for Loblolly Pine Trees. Forest Science. 62:463-473. https://doi.org/10.5849/forsci.15-129
  44. Zhao D, Lynch TB, Westfall JA, Coulston JW, Kane M, Adams DE. 2019. Compatibility, development and estimation of taper and volume equation systems. Forest Science 65: 1-13.
  45. Zhao D, Westfall JA, Coulston JW, Lynch TB, Bullock BP, Montes CR. 2019. Additive biomass equations for slash pine trees: Comparing three modeling approaches. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 49: 27-40.
  46. Zhao, D., and M. Kane. 2017. New variable-top merchantable volume and weight equations derived directly from cumulative relative profiles for loblolly pine. Forest Science 63:261-269.
  47. Zhao, D., M. Kane, D. Markewitz, R. Teskey, and M. Clutter. 2015. Additive tree biomass equations for mid-rotation loblolly pine plantations. Forest Science 61: 613-623.
PRESENTATIONS (88):
  1. Affleck DLR, Goodburn JM, Shaw JD. 2012. Strategies for assessing inter- and intra-specific variation in tree biomass in the Interior West. In Morin, RS, GC Liknes, & C Greg (comps.) Moving from Status to Trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2012. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Stn., GTR-NRS-P-105, pp. 361-364.
  2. Affleck DLR, MacFarlane DW, Radtke PJ, Weiskiitel AR, Zhao D, Poudel K, Hailemarium T, Sanchez-Meador A, Shaw J, Coulston JW, Westfall JA. 2019. Alternative modeling strategies for estimating tree biomass across a nationwide system of inventory plots. 2019 Forest Inventory & Analysis Stakeholders Science Meeting: Celebrating Progress, Possibilities, and Partnerships. Knoxville, TN. 2019
  3. Affleck DLR, Seielstad C. 2014. Crown fuel and stem biomass models for the major conifer species of the Interior Northwest USA. Large Wildland Fires Conference: Social, Political, and Ecological Effects. May 19-23, 2014. Missoula, MT.
  4. Affleck DLR. 2014. Conifer biomass in the Inland Northwest: Crown & stem modeling results. Inland Northwest Growth & Yield Cooperative Technical Meeting, March 25, 2014. Coeur D'Alene, ID.
  5. Affleck DLR. 2015. Characterizing tree biomass in the Interior West. Yale Forest Forum, Yale University, New Haven, 8 October 2015.
  6. Affleck DLR. 2016. Additivity and maximum likelihood estimation of nonlinear component biomass models. pp. 13-17 in SM Stanton and G Christensen (Eds.): Pushing Boundaries: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications; Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2015. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-931. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
  7. Affleck DLR. 2016. Component biomass equations for the principal conifer species of the Inland Northwest. Inland Northwest Growth & Yield Cooperative Technical Meeting, April 19, 2016. Coeur D'Alene, ID.
  8. Affleck DLR. 2016. Growing the future: Biomass growth and utilization. Pyramid Mountain Lumber Logger/Landowner Meeting. April 29, 2016 Seeley Lake, MT.
  9. Affleck DLR. 2016. Maximum likelihood estimation of multivariate tree biomass models from incomplete records. 28th International Biometrics Conference, Victoria, BC.
  10. Affleck DLR. 2017. Conifer Biomass Models for the Inland Northwest. Inland Northwest Growth & Yield Cooperative Technical Meeting, Coeur D'Alene, ID.
  11. Affleck DLR. 2017. Systems of component biomass equations for 7 conifer species of the Inland Northwest. 2017 Forest Inventory and Analysis Stakeholder Science Meeting: Doing More with the Core. October 24-26, 2017. Park City, Utah.
  12. Affleck DLR. 2018. Aboveground biomass equations for conifer species of the Inland Northwest. Inland Northwest Growth & Yield Cooperative 2018 Technical Meeting. Coeur D'Alene, ID.
  13. Affleck DLR. 2018. Efficient tree selection designs for biomass equation development and estimation. Joint Southern and Northeastern Mensurationists and IUFRO 4.01 Conference. October 28-30, 2018. Blacksburg, VA.
  14. Arseniou G, MacFarlane DW, Baker M, Seidel D. 2019. Relationship between the woody-surface area of urban trees and their fractal dimension derived from terrestrial laser scanning. 10th AGSE Conference- Applied Geoinformatics for Society and Environment, September 11-14, 2019- Stuttgart, Germany.
  15. Arseniou G, MacFarlane DW, Calders K, Baker M. 2019. Whole-tree and component volume estimation accuracy from TLS: comparisons of urban and forest -grown trees. Terrestrial Laser Scanning in Forest Ecology: Expanding the Horizon, May 6 & 7, 2019 - Gent, Belgium.
  16. Arseniou G, MacFarlane DW. 2019. Exploring the main drivers of tree form and growth in urban areas. ArboCon 2019, Arboriculture Society of Michigan, February 11-13, 2019- Lansing, Michigan, USA.
  17. Arseniou G, MacFarlane DW. 2019. Exploring the space filling character of urban trees using LiDAR technology. MSU Forestry Graduate Students Symposium, February 7, 2019 - East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  18. Castle M, Weiskittel AR. 2015. Influence of stem form and damage on product potential, growth, and mortality for northern commercial hardwood species. Northeastern Mensuration Meeting. November 16, 2015. Stowe, Vermont.
  19. Castle M, Weiskittel AR. 2016. Evaluating the influence of stem form and vigor on volume, product potential and growth for northern commercial hardwood species. Wood QC 2016: Modelling wood quality, supply, and value chain networks. June 16, 2016. Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
  20. Clough BJ, Russell MB, Woodall CW, Domke GM, Radtke PJ. 2015. Hierarchical models for informing general biomass equations with felled tree data. Forest Inventory and Analysis 2015 Science Symposium, December 8-10, Portland, OR.
  21. Crawford D, Jovanovic T, Brack C, Stovall A, MacFarlane DW, Frank J, Condon T, Strahler A, Schaaf C, Barker-Plotkin A, Orwig D. 2018. Using ZEB1, a highly-mobile terrestrial laser scanner, to assess and measure trees in an eastern hemlock-dominated forest. ForestSAT. October 2-5, 2018. College Park Maryland.
  22. Dettman G, MacFarlane DW. 2017. Generalized predictors of tree foliage biomass for tree species representing the Upper Midwestern US. 2017 Forest Inventory and Analysis Stakeholder Science Meeting: Doing More with the Core. October 24-26, 2017. Park City, Utah.
  23. Dettmann GT, MacFarlane DW, Radtke PJ, Weiskittel AR, Affleck D, Poudel K, Westfall J. 2018. Generalized predictors of foliage biomass for tree species of the United States. Joint Southern and Northeastern Mensurationists and IUFRO 4.01 Conference. October 28-30, 2018. Blacksburg, VA.
  24. DeYoung CL, Radtke PJ. 2013. Biomass estimation using the component ratio method for southern species. Northeastern Mensurationists Meeting, November 4-5, York Harbor, Maine.
  25. Doroshewitz J, Merlo J, Oakley C, Udpa L, Nanzer J, MacFarlane DW, Huff E, Mukherjee S. 2019. A microwave tomography system using time-reversal imaging. 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, 7-12 July 2019, Atlanta, Georgia.
  26. Frank J, Castle M, Westfall J, Weiskittel AR, MacFarlane D. Radtke P, Baral S, Pelletier G. 2016. Occurrence and extent of internal stem rot in living trees across multiple species in the eastern US: Comparison of statistical approaches and influential factors. Joint Northern and Southern Mensurationists Organizations Conference. November 15, 2016. Concord, MA.
  27. Frank J, Weiskittel AR. 2012. A review of biomass equations in the Northeastern United States. Northeastern Mensuration Meeting. October 1, 2012. University Park, PA.
  28. Frank J, Weiskittel AR. 2015. Advancing individual tree biomass prediction: assessment and alternatives to the component ratio method. Northeastern Mensuration Meeting. November 16, 2015. Stowe, Vermont.
  29. Frank J, Weiskittel AR. 2016. Combining measures of standing hardwood tree form with existing data to improve estimates of internal wood properties across the Acadian Region. Wood QC 2016: Modelling wood quality, supply, and value chain networks. June 16, 2016. Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
  30. Kuyah S, Muthuri C, MacFarlane DW, Mwangi P, Mulia R, Jamnadass R, van Noordwijk M, Dietz J. 2012 Comparing destructive and non-destructive methods for calibrating regional tree biomass equations in tropical agricultural landscapes. In Forests and Trees: Serving the People of Africa and the World: 1st regional congress of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations and the Forestry Research Network of Sub-Saharan Africa, June 25-29, 2012. Nairobi, Kenya.
  31. Lynch TB, Zhao D. 2019. Nonlinear two-stage and three-stage least squares and full information maximum likelihood for estimation of slash pine biomass components. 2019 Southern Mensurationists Meeting. September 15-17, 2019. Asheville, NC.
  32. MacFarlane DW, Kane B. 2017. Tree architecture and wind resistance: influence from neighboring trees, or lack thereof. 8th IUFRO International Conference on Wind and Trees. July 17-20, 2017. Boulder, CO USA.
  33. MacFarlane DW, Radtke PJ, Walker D. 2018. Exploring branch, stem and tree wood density relationships for temperate tree species in the eastern USA. Joint Southern and Northeastern Mensurationists and IUFRO 4.01 Conference. October 28-30, 2018. Blacksburg, VA.
  34. MacFarlane DW, Ver Planck NR, Kuyah S, Weiskittel AR. 2012. Generalized, biologically-motivated biomass equations for nationally-consistent and locally-accurate forest carbon inventories across diverse landscapes. In Forests and Trees: Serving the People of Africa and the World: 1st regional congress of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations and the Forestry Research Network of Sub-Saharan Africa, Nairobi, Kenya from 25-29 June 2012.
  35. MacFarlane DW, Ver Planck NR. 2012. Improved prediction of hardwood tree biomass derived from wood density estimates and form factors for whole trees. pp. 352-355 In: Morin, RS, Liknes GC, (comps.): Moving from status to trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) symposium 2012; December 4-6, 2012. Baltimore, MD. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-105. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA.
  36. MacFarlane DW, Weiskittel AR. 2015. What the fork is wrong with taper models? Abstract presented at Annual Meeting, Northeastern Mensurationists Organization (NEMO), Stowe, VT. November 16, 2015.
  37. MacFarlane DW. 2013. Reforming simple allometric scaling models to accommodate the complexity of diverse tree forms. 2nd IUFRO Conference on Complex Forest Ecosystems: from Tree to Landscape. Joint Meeting with Southern Mensurationists Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA- Oct 7-9, 2013.
  38. MacFarlane DW. 2014 Assessing the potential for tree biomass to meet urban energy demand and reduce carbon emissions in Michigan, USA. 2nd International Symposium on Energy Challenges and Mechanics (ECM2), August 19-21, 2014, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
  39. MacFarlane DW. 2015. Building generalized tree mass / volume component models for improved estimation of forest stocks and utilization potential. Abstract presented at 2015 Forest Inventory and Analysis Science Symposium: Pushing Boundaries: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications, USDA Forest Service, Portland, OR. December 8, 2015.
  40. MacFarlane DW. 2017. Adaptive growth in trees: tradeoffs in responses to shading versus wind. SNS Seminar Series, California State University Monterey Bay, May 1, 2017.
  41. MacFarlane DW. 2018. Carbon quantification in forests: Methodological strategies. Polytechnic School of Chimborazo, Riobamba Canton, Ecuador. April 19, 2018.
  42. MacFarlane, D.W. and Kane, B. 2016. Allometric scaling of urban- versus forest-grown trees: responses to shading and wind resistance. Northeastern Mensurationists Organization Meeting. November 13-15, 2016. Concord, MA.
  43. Poudel KP, Temesgen H, Gray A. 2014. Methods for estimating component and total aboveground biomass. Joint Western Mensurationists and Forest Economists meeting, June 22-24, 2014. Monterey, CA.
  44. Poudel KP, Temesgen H, Radtke PJ, Gray AN. 2019. Approaches to estimate individual tree aboveground biomass. Presented at the 2019 Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Stakeholders Science Meeting - Celebrating Progress, Possibilities, and Partnerships. November 19-21, 2019, Knoxville, TN.
  45. Poudel KP, Temesgen H. 2015. Methods for estimating aboveground biomass and its components for five Pacific Northwest tree species. Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Symposium: Pushing Boundaries- New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications. Dec. 7-10. 2015. Portland, OR.
  46. Poudel KP, Temesgen H. 2017. Estimating aboveground live tree biomass in the western United States. 2017 Forest Inventory and Analysis Stakeholder Science Meeting: Doing More with the Core. October 24-26, 2017. Park City, Utah.
  47. Radtke P, Frank J, Weiskittel A, MacFarlane DW, Clark S, Dettman G, Strahler A, Schaaf C, Orwig D, Barker-Plotkin A. 2017. Detailed measurements of felled trees at Harvard Forest for developing and testing TLS volume and biomass algorithms and estimators. Silvilaser 2017. Blacksburg, VA, October 10-12, 2017.
  48. Radtke P, Walker D, DeYoung C, Weiskittel A, Frank J, MacFarlane D, Coulston J, Westfall J, Domke C, Woodall C. 2016. Improving accuracy of live tree aboveground biomass and C estimates for eastern US forests. National FIA User Group meeting, April 27-28, 2016, Charleston, SC.
  49. Radtke PJ, Jiang H, Saville TE. 2014. Two-stage bootstrapping for taper models using bagging. Joint Meeting of the Northeastern Mensurationist Organization (NEMO) and Southern Mensurationists, November 2-4, 2014, Raleigh, North Carolina.
  50. Radtke PJ, Walker DM, Coulston JW, Weiskittel AR, Frank J, Westfall JA. 2015. LegacyTreeData: A national database of tree volume, biomass, and wood properties measurements. Society of American Foresters 2015 National Convention, November 3-7, 2015. Baton Rouge, LA.
  51. Radtke PJ, Walker DM, Weiskiitel AR, Frank J, Coulston JW, Westfall JA. 2016. Legacy tree data: A national database of detailed tree measurements for volume, weight, and physical properties. pp. 25-30 in SM Stanton and G Christensen (Eds.): Pushing Boundaries: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications; Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2015. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-931. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
  52. Radtke PJ. 2015. Legacy tree data: A repository of individual-tree volume, weight, and physical properties. Western Mensurationists Annual Meeting, June 22-23, 2015, Vancouver, WA.
  53. Radtke PJ. 2015. TreeData: A repository of detailed tree measurements made since the beginnings of professional forestry in America. Yale University Forest Forum. February 12, 2015. New Haven CT.
  54. Shettles M, Temesgen H, Hilker T, Ganio L, Gray A. 2014. Error propagation in estimating above ground forest biomass using terrestrial LiDAR. Joint Western Mensurationists and Forest Economists meeting, June 22-24, 2014. Monterey, CA, USA.
  55. Strahler A, Schaaf C, Orwig D, Barker-Plotkin A, Frank J, MacFarlane DW, Radtke P. 2019. A field experiment using destructive sampling to validate TLS retrievals of leaf area, tree volume, and aboveground biomass at Harvard Forest. Terrestrial Laser Scanning in Forest Ecology: Expanding the Horizon, May 6 & 7, 2019 - Gent, Belgium.
  56. Strahler A, Schaaf C, Orwig D, Barker-Plotkin A, Frank J, Weiskittel A, MacFarlane DW, Radtke P. 2017. Virtual tree volume and aboveground biomass retrieval from TLS calibrated by destructive sampling at Harvard Forest. Silvilaser 2017. Blacksburg, VA, October 10-12, 2017.
  57. Temesgen H, Poudel KP. 2016. Biomass equations for PNW forests. 2016 Western Mensurationist's Meeting. Stevenson, WA.
  58. Temesgen H, Poudel KP. 2017. Calibration of taper, volume, and biomass equations for the Pacific Northwest forests. Presented to the Olympic Resources Management Team, Poulsbo, WA.
  59. Turnquist B, Affleck DLR. 2012. Systematic error trends of existing crown biomass equations for the major commercial conifers of the Inland Northwest. Inland Northwest Growth & Yield Cooperative Technical Meeting. March 2012. Spokane, WA.
  60. Ver Planck NR, MacFarlane DW. 2012. Cumulative volume and mass profiles for dominant stems and whole trees tested for northern hardwoods. pp. 391-395 in, Morin RS, Liknes GC (comps.): Moving from Status to Trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2012. December 4-6, 2012, Baltimore, MD. GTR-NRS-P-105, Newtown Square, PA. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
  61. Ver Planck NR, MacFarlane DW. 2017. Relative crown mass influences wind throw susceptibility of Fagus grandifolia, Ehrh. 8th IUFRO International Conference on Wind and Trees. Boulder, CO USA. July 17-20, 2017.
  62. Walker D, Radtke P, Coulston J, Westfall J. 2017 Modifying the component ratio method: Implications for carbon accumulation in eastern US forests. Joint Northeastern and Southern Mensurationists Organization Meeting, November 13-15, 2016. Concord, MA.
  63. Walker D, Radtke P, Coulston J, Westfall J. 2017 Modifying the component ratio method: Implications for carbon sequestration in eastern US forests. 2017 Forest Inventory and Analysis Stakeholder Science Meeting: Doing More with the Core. October 24-26, 2017. Park City, Utah.
  64. Walker D, Radtke PJ, Weiskittel AR, Frank J, MacFarlane DW, Zhao D, Coulston J, Westfall J. 2018. Regional and national scale aboveground biomass estimators for applications involving multiple tree species. Joint Southern and Northeastern Mensurationists and IUFRO 4.01 Conference. October 28-30, 2018. Blacksburg, VA.
  65. Walker DM, Frank J, Radtke PJ, Weiskittel AR, Coulston JW, Westfall JA. 2015. Legacy biomass, stem taper, and wood physical properties: LegacyTreeData. Northeastern Mensurationists Organization (NEMO), November 15-17, 2015, Stowe, Vermont.
  66. Walker DM, Frank J, Radtke PJ, Weiskittel AR, Coulston JW, Westfall JA. 2016. Legacy biomass, stem taper, and wood physical properties: LegacyTreeData. Inland Northwest Growth & Yield Cooperative 2016 Winter Meeting, April 19, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.
  67. Walker DM, Frank JE, Radtke PJ. 2014. Legacy biomass, stem taper, and wood physical properties. Joint Meeting of the Northeastern Mensurationist Organization (NEMO) and Southern Mensurationists, November 2-4, 2014. Raleigh, North Carolina.
  68. Walker DM, Radtke PJ, Frank J, Weiskittel AR, Coulston JW. 2015. Assessment of the component ratio method for predicting individual tree component biomass. Southern Mensurationists 2015 Meeting, October 11-14, Blacksburg, Virginia.
  69. Weiskittel A, Radtke P, Westfall J, Walker D, Affleck DLR, Coulston J, MacFarlane D. 2019. National Scale Biomass Estimator (NSBE) Project: Next steps, implications, and future timeline. US Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis National Stakeholder Science Meeting. Nov 18-22, 2019. Knoxville, TN.
  70. Westfall JA, MacFarlane DW, Weiskittel AR. 2012. Biomass measurement and modeling challenges for hardwood species in the northern region. pp. 357-360 in, Morin RS, Liknes GC (comps.): Moving from Status to Trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2012. December 4-6, 2012, Baltimore, MD. GTR-NRS-P-105, Newtown Square, PA. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
  71. Westfall JA, MacFarlane DW. Weiskittel AR. 2012. Biomass Measurement and Modeling Challenges for Hardwood Species in the Northern Region. In, Moving from Status to Trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium 2012; GTR-NRS-P-105, Baltimore, Maryland, December 4-6, 2012.
  72. Zhao D, Bullock B, Montes CR, Wang M. 2019. Long-term dynamics of loblolly pine crown structures. 2019 Southern Mensurationists Meeting. September 15-17, 2019. Asheville, NC.
  73. Zhao D, Bullock B, Montes CR.2019. Long-term dynamics of loblolly pine crown structure as affected by planting density and cultural intensity. The XXV IUFRO Congress. September 29- October 5, 2019. Curitiba, Brazil.
  74. Zhao D, Kane M, Markewitz D, Teskey R, Clutter M. 2014. Tree additive biomass equation system; stand energy, carbon and nutrient budgets. Joint Mensurationists Annual Meeting, Raleigh, NC.
  75. Zhao D, Kane M, Markewitz D, Teskey R. 2015 Ratio equations for loblolly pine trees. 2015 Forest Inventory & Analysis Science Symposium: New Directions in Inventory Techniques & Applications. Portland, OR.
  76. Zhao D, Kane M, Markewitz D, Teskey R. 2015. Biomass allocation models for loblolly pine trees. Southern Mensurationists Meeting and 4th International Conference on Forest Measurements and Quantitative Methods and Management. Blacksburg, VA.
  77. Zhao D, Kane M, Markewitz D, Teskey R. 2015. Ratio equations for loblolly pine tree biomass and volume. 2015 SAF National Convention. Baton Rouge, LA.
  78. Zhao D, Kane M. 2016. New volume and biomass models for loblolly pines. 2016 Western Mensurationists Meeting. June 19-21, 2016. Skamania Lodge, WA.
  79. Zhao D, Lynch TB, McTague JP. 2017. Compatibility, development and estimation of taper and volume equation systems. 2017 Western Mensurationists Meeting, June 19, 2017. Vancouver, BC, Canada.
  80. Zhao D, Lynch TB, Westfall JA, Coulston JW, Kane M, Adams DE. 2017. New approach to derive a completely compatible taper and volume equation system. In 2017 USDA FIA Stakeholder Science Meeting
  81. Zhao D, Westfall JA, Coulston JW, Lynch TB, Bullock B,Montes CR. 2018. More Discussion on the Compatibility and Additivity of Tree Taper, Volume and Biomass Equations. Joint Southern and Northeastern Mensurationists and IUFRO 4.01 Conference. October 28-30, 2018. Blacksburg, VA.
  82. Zhao D, Westfall JA, Coulston JW. 2018. Strategies for developing additive biomass equations. 2018 Western Mensurationists Meeting, June 17-19, 2018. Flagstaff, AZ.
  83. Zhao D, Westfall JA, Coulston JW. 2018. Strategies for Developing Compatible Volume and Biomass Equations. SAF National Convention: Forest Policy and Science-Management Interactions. October 3-7, 2018. Portland, Oregon.
  84. Zhao D, Westfall JA, Coulston JW. 2019. Developing new taper, volume and biomass model systems for FIA to meet the needs of diverse clients. 2019 FIA Stakeholders Science Meeting, Knoxville, TN, 2019.
  85. Zhao D. 2016 New variable-top merchantable volume and weight equations derived directly from cumulative relative profiles for loblolly pine. Joint Northeastern and Southern Mensurationists Organization Meeting, November 13-15, 2016. Concord, MA.
  86. Zhao D. 2016. New loblolly pine volume and biomass models derived from their cumulative relative profiles. SAF National Convention, November 2-6, 2016. Madison, WI.
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  88. Zhao D. 2019. Quantifying the basal area, volume and biomass mortality in loblolly pine plantations in the southeastern United States. 2019 Western Mensurationists Meeting, June 23-25, 2019. Kamloops, BC, Canada.

SAMPLED TREES:

Table 1. Trees Sampled for biomass contents by the US Forest Service and cooperators from Michigan State University, Northern Arizona University, Oregon State University, University of Georgia, University of Maine, University of Montana, and Virginia Tech as of November, 2019.

SPCD Species AK AR AZ CA CAN FL GA ID MA ME MI MN MT NH NM NV OK OR PA TX UT VA WA WV All states
12 balsam fir 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 21 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98
15 white fir 0 0 16 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 13 0 15 0 0 4 0 1 0 94
17 grand fir 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 3 13 0 0 0 0 12 0 1 0 0 5 0 61
19 subalpine fir 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 10 17 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 46 0 3 0 91
20 California red fir 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 14
68 eastern redcedar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2
71 tamarack (native) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
73 western larch 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 30 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52
93 Engelmann spruce 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 7 21 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 2 0 85
94 white spruce 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11
95 black spruce 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13
96 blue spruce 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
97 red spruce 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16
98 Sitka spruce 69 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 69
105 jack pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
108 lodgepole pine 0 0 0 17 0 0 10 8 0 0 0 16 14 0 0 0 0 34 0 9 62 0 14 0 184
111 slash pine 0 0 0 0 0 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38
122 ponderosa pine 0 0 90 24 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 29 8 0 9 0 0 13 0 10 13 0 13 0 213
123 Table Mountain pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 6
125 red pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16
126 pitch pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 35
129 eastern white pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 15 16 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 110
131 loblolly pine 0 73 0 0 0 48 217 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 160 0 0 111 0 0 0 0 609
132 Virginia pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 24
202 Douglas-fir 0 0 20 28 0 0 7 132 0 0 0 30 20 0 7 0 0 70 0 5 7 0 26 0 352
241 northern white-cedar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
242 western redcedar 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
261 eastern hemlock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 2 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 56
263 western hemlock 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 12 0 74
312 bigleaf maple 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
314 black maple 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
316 red maple 0 0 0 0 3 7 6 0 5 26 24 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 38 0 0 127
318 sugar maple 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 2 0 0 31
320 Norway maple 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
351 red alder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
371 yellow birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
375 paper birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30
402 bitternut hickory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
403 pignut hickory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 8
462 hackberry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10
492 Pacific dogwood 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
531 American beech 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 6 0 0 28
541 white ash 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
544 green ash 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
602 black walnut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 7
621 yellow-poplar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 0 35 59
693 blackgum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 6
701 eastern hophornbeam 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
711 sourwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2
740 cottonwood and poplar spp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
741 balsam poplar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
743 bigtooth aspen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
746 quaking aspen 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 8 61 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 126
762 black cherry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9
802 white oak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 62
805 canyon live oak 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
806 scarlet oak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 5
815 Oregon white oak 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
818 California black oak 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
820 laurel oak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
832 chestnut oak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 7
833 northern red oak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 38
837 black oak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
951 American basswood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17
999 Other or unknown live tree 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
  all species 121 73 149 184 3 93 271 164 21 183 242 243 174 24 28 13 160 180 12 141 185 281 78 35 3058